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《普通高等教育""十二五""规划教材:工商管理实用英语教程》可作为工商管理专业的教材，也可供相关专业的师生和广大英语爱好者参考使用。
目录
前言
PART Ⅰ Basis
Unit 1 Why Do We Study Management？
Unit 2 Defining Management
Unit 3 Managerial Structure
Unit 4 Managerial Roles
Unit 5 Managerial Skills
Unit 6 Management Functions and Process
PART Ⅱ Learning
Unit 7 What Do Managers Do？
Unit 8 The Process of Management
Unit 9 Management Competencies
Unit 10 Human Resources Management
Unit 11 What is Accounting？
Unit 12 What is Organizational Behavior？
PART Ⅲ Improvement
Unit 13 Guidelines for Business Negotiation
Unit 14 The Use of Language in Business Negotiation
Unit 15 The Creative Ethos
Unit 16 Creativity Versus Organization
Unit 17 The Education of Practicing Managers
Unit 18 Mayor Forces Determining Industry Competition
PART Ⅳ Practice
Unit 19 Selection of Overseas Markets
Unit 20 Coca—Cola's Global Marketing Strategy
Unit 21 Types and Management Systems of Joint Ventures
Unit 22 Forms of International Business
Unit 23 Motives for International Investments
Unit 24 Multinational Corporations
Unit 25 Stockholder's Right and Stockholder's Equity
Unit 26 US Exports and the Economy
Unit 27 Business Travel Abroad
Unit 28 Banks' Services to Companies
Unit 29 Characteristics of High—performance Work Teams
Unit 30 Overview of Leadship Theory
文摘
版权页：
Present competitors
Rivalry occurs among firms that produce products that are close substitute for each other—especially when one competitor acts to improve its standing or promote its position.Thus，firms are mutually dependent： What one firm does effects others，and vice versa.Ordinarily，profitability decreases as rivalry increases.Competition is greater under the following conditions.
（1）There is high investment intensity； the amount of fixed and working capital required to produce a dollar of sales in large.High intensity required firms to operate at or near capacity as much as possible，thereby putting strong downword pressure on prices when demand slackens.Thus，high investment—intensity businesses are，on average，much less profitable than those with lower level of investment.Bob Crandall，the CEO of American Airlines，once described the airlines business as being""intensively，vigorously，bitterly，savagely competitive"".
（2）There are many small firms in an industry or no dominant firms exist.In recent years，hundreds of pharmaceutical companies have started up，all hoping to produce new wonder drugs.In such crowed segments as neurosciences，inflammatory diseases，and drug delivery，competition is keen，and some companies are considering preemptive steps in all efforts to dominate their niches.
（3）There is little product differentiation—for example，major appliances，TV sets，and automobile tires.
（4）There is high cost to changing suppliers（switching costs）as would be the case in changing a major computer software system.
《普通高等教育""十二五""规划教材:工商管理实用英语教程》可作为工商管理专业的教材，也可供相关专业的师生和广大英语爱好者参考使用。
目录
前言
PART Ⅰ Basis
Unit 1 Why Do We Study Management？
Unit 2 Defining Management
Unit 3 Managerial Structure
Unit 4 Managerial Roles
Unit 5 Managerial Skills
Unit 6 Management Functions and Process
PART Ⅱ Learning
Unit 7 What Do Managers Do？
Unit 8 The Process of Management
Unit 9 Management Competencies
Unit 10 Human Resources Management
Unit 11 What is Accounting？
Unit 12 What is Organizational Behavior？
PART Ⅲ Improvement
Unit 13 Guidelines for Business Negotiation
Unit 14 The Use of Language in Business Negotiation
Unit 15 The Creative Ethos
Unit 16 Creativity Versus Organization
Unit 17 The Education of Practicing Managers
Unit 18 Mayor Forces Determining Industry Competition
PART Ⅳ Practice
Unit 19 Selection of Overseas Markets
Unit 20 Coca—Cola's Global Marketing Strategy
Unit 21 Types and Management Systems of Joint Ventures
Unit 22 Forms of International Business
Unit 23 Motives for International Investments
Unit 24 Multinational Corporations
Unit 25 Stockholder's Right and Stockholder's Equity
Unit 26 US Exports and the Economy
Unit 27 Business Travel Abroad
Unit 28 Banks' Services to Companies
Unit 29 Characteristics of High—performance Work Teams
Unit 30 Overview of Leadship Theory
文摘
版权页：
Present competitors
Rivalry occurs among firms that produce products that are close substitute for each other—especially when one competitor acts to improve its standing or promote its position.Thus，firms are mutually dependent： What one firm does effects others，and vice versa.Ordinarily，profitability decreases as rivalry increases.Competition is greater under the following conditions.
（1）There is high investment intensity； the amount of fixed and working capital required to produce a dollar of sales in large.High intensity required firms to operate at or near capacity as much as possible，thereby putting strong downword pressure on prices when demand slackens.Thus，high investment—intensity businesses are，on average，much less profitable than those with lower level of investment.Bob Crandall，the CEO of American Airlines，once described the airlines business as being""intensively，vigorously，bitterly，savagely competitive"".
（2）There are many small firms in an industry or no dominant firms exist.In recent years，hundreds of pharmaceutical companies have started up，all hoping to produce new wonder drugs.In such crowed segments as neurosciences，inflammatory diseases，and drug delivery，competition is keen，and some companies are considering preemptive steps in all efforts to dominate their niches.
（3）There is little product differentiation—for example，major appliances，TV sets，and automobile tires.
（4）There is high cost to changing suppliers（switching costs）as would be the case in changing a major computer software system.
| ISBN | 9787508489438 |
|---|---|
| 出版社 | 中国水利水电出版社 |
| 作者 | 白泉旺 |
| 尺寸 | 16 |